11. 特殊句式（倒装、省略、强调、it 句型、there be句型）-2022年上海名校高中自主招生英语直通车.docx

第11讲： 特殊句式 （倒装、省略、强调、it 句型、there be句型） 1 考点归纳、考前巩固、 真题 链接 考点归纳 倒装句的类型: 完全倒装(或称全部倒装)、部分倒装(或称局部倒装)； 前置 引起 倒装 完全倒装 : 将句中谓语动词 全部 置于主语前，句子时态多为一般现在时或一般过去时 ⑴ 最常见的完全倒装句型: there be句型，该句型已完全倒装 ⑵ 副词away, off, out, in, up, down, over, here, there, then, now等位于句首，或拟声词位于句首，谓语动词为go, come等表示位置转移的动态动词，若其主语为具体名词时引起完全倒装；若此时的主语为人称代词则不倒装 Here comes the bus. Here we are. Bang! bang ! bang ! came three reports of firecrackers. Notice : There in the distance was a boat. ⑶ 地点状语在句首引起完全倒装，如From the valley came a frightening sound. ⑷ 充当表语的介词短语、分词结构、形容词在句首引起完全倒装，如 Among the goods are trees, flowers and toys. Gone are the days when we lived a poor life. Present at the meeting were Dr. Smith and Prof. White. 部分倒装: 将谓语的 一部分 (如助动词、情态动词或添加的助动词do及其变体)置于主语前 ⑴ 否定词no, not及表否定意义的副词、短语never, never before, seldom, little, hardly, nowhere, by no means, in no way, under no circumstances, at no time, in no case等词位于句首引起句子的部分倒装，如Little do I know about the plant. ⑵ only + 状语位于句首引起部分倒装，若only + 主语位于句首则不倒装 Only in Shanghai can he have the chance to study further. Only computers can process such a complicated problem quickly. ⑶ 特殊结构No sooner … than, Hardly / Scarcely / Barely /